Awestern-style wardrobe of the early XVIIIth century comprises a kaftan (coat) with wide ornamented hem and deep, fashioned cuffs, a camisole (waistcoat) and a shirt trimmed with lace. In addition to them male costume included narrow knee-length breeches, silk stockings and high-heeled shoes, a curly hair wig and other accessories, for example, cocked hat, sword and gloves. Camisoles, shoulders of which were slightly tapered, were executed of lighter materials (rep and brocade). Canvas material was inserted in their lower folds to widen the skirt. Executed of velvet, brocade and wool, suits were richly trimmed with gold, silver lace and tapestry.

Kaftans of Tsar Peter II were made in the French fashion at the beginning of the XVIIIth century. European fashions continued to be worn at the Russian court of the grandson of Peter the Great. He came to the throne at the age of twelve in 1727 and died from smallpox in 1730. Although he ruled for less than three years, his wardrobe was unique in its variety. It includes western-style suits, ceremonial garments and nightgowns, mourning coats and hunting clothes, beshmets (oriental quilted coat), as well as underwear, gloves, hose and hats. Most of the clothes were commissioned in France, some of them could be executed in Russia; two names of foreign tailors were mentioned in historical records - A. Appelgrim and P. Bem - who were considered to be the makers of the wardrobe. For a long time costumes of Peter II were kept in the Kremlin storerooms, evidently for fear of infection, therefore this rich collection has survived intact. In 1766, by order of Catherine II, it was transferred to the Armoury Chamber.